Date: |
4th September 1973 |
Class: |
Reception |
Age: |
5 Years, 8 Months |
“…he is
eager to read and knows most of his letters…Claude is very imaginative in
thought and expression and is very candid in views…he must learn to overcome
the restless side of his nature and settle down in class.”
I guess
some things haven’t changed although now I’m the one complaining about my
students not settling down! Leafing through my primary school report (which at
times made me cringe), the common theme that pervades throughout was my love of
reading. The stories fed my imagination and caused my mind to stray at times
when I should have been paying attention to important subjects like science and
maths.
I was
never that much into fiction and if you peruse my library, often, you’ll come
across someone’s biography, for that is probably my favourite genre of book. It
combines my love of history with a fascination in discovering what makes people
‘tick’. Most importantly, biographies nearly always include pictures. Who
doesn’t enjoy looking at photographs of people at various stages of their
lives?
Which is
why the book I just finished reading has been so unusual. It wasn’t a biography
as such, and it flipped the text/photo ratio significantly in the opposite
direction. It is called “Unknown
Universe: Secrets of the Cosmos from the James Webb Telescope” by Tom Kerss
and it was published just over a month ago. It is also one of the most extraordinary
books I have read in a very long time (and I read a lot!)
The James
Webb Space Telescope (hereafter referred to as JWST) was designed as a
successor to the phenomenal Hubble Space Telescope. Its origins stretch back to
the late 1990s and is a collaboration between NASA, the European Space Agency
and the Canadian Space Agency. It was launched on Christmas Day 2021 and now
resides 1.5 million kilometres (which is nearly 10 million miles) from earth.
It started sending back images in July 2022 and this book contains over 220
pages of high definition and dazzling photographs of deep space. Each
coruscating star cluster, nebula, planet, galaxy accompanied by an unobtrusive
box providing a clear explanation to a non-astronomer such as yours truly. When
I describe the book as ‘extraordinary’, I’m not joking.
The night
sky has long captivated me and if I had time, I would love to study astronomy,
which is perhaps the reason why I find a pasuk/verse in this week’s Parasha so interesting:
Let’s set
the scene.
Avram
(soon to be renamed Avraham) Avinu has just been served bread and wine from
Malkitzedek, the King Priest of Shalem (whom I referred to last week as being
non-other than Shem, son of Noach) following his defeat of the four kings and
rescue of his nephew, lot.
He is
sitting in his tent when Gd comes to him in a vision to let him know that he
will one day father an heir, something that Avraham can’t believe. The Torah
tells us that Hashem then took Avraham outside and said:
“Look at the heavens and
count the stars – if indeed you can count them…that is how your descendants
will be.”
Rashi comments
on this verse stating that a simple/peshat understanding is that he literally
took him outside the tent and showed him the night sky to impress upon him how
numerous his descendants would be. In other words, he looked up at the
stars.
He quotes
the Midrash which takes an even different point of view. As someone who had come
from an idolatrous background, Avraham was well-versed in astrology and
believed that the stars foretold that he was not destined to have a child. Gd
was therefore telling him to set aside his heathen ways and believe in the
power of the Almighty to give him an heir. The stars were therefore a visual
astronomical (as opposed to astrological) metaphor.
However,
there is third interpretation that I wish to highlight here. Rashi says that Gd
took Avraham out into space to the point where he was looking down over
the stars and what he would have no-doubt seen in this position was infinitely
more spectacular than a ground-based view.
The
number of stars that we can see with our naked eyes (if we ignore the effects
of light pollution) are limited by the panorama above us. As we know, the
images that we view are echoes of light that have travelled through space for
millennia. Since the world was much younger in Avraham’s era and the universe
was smaller than it is now, there would have been fewer stars in the Biblical
sky than we could theoretically see in the 21st century.
In 1929, Edwin
Hubble, the famed astronomer observed that the ‘red shift of galaxies was
directly proportional to the distance of the galaxy from earth. That meant that
things farther from the earth were moving away faster. In other words, the
universe must be expanding.’ (https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/dp29hu.html#:~:text=Hubble's%20brilliant%20observation%20was%20that,announced%20his%20finding%20in%201929.)
The JWST
has, in its first two years of operation already opened our eyes to the expanse
of the universe. Each dot in a single image represents a galaxy, each of which
holds an untold number of stars – far more than we can count. In other words,
our forefather, according to Rashi’s explanation was a human JWST! Each direction
he faced to look at the stars was equivalent to a page of the book and perhaps,
now you can appreciate why I was so bowled over by what I was looking at.
All of
this is all well and good, but Chazal ask a very good question. If we, Avraham’s
descendants are compared to stars, to the extent that we can’t be counted as we
are so numerous….why are there so few of us in proportion to the rest of the
world?
They
provide a beautiful answer. To Avraham Avinu, the idea of a single star, in the
form of his heir was unimaginable. Could he have countered the idea that one
day, his descendants would number in the millions? Would he believe that Jews
figure amongst the brightest stars on this planet in virtually every sphere of
life. From Nobel Prize Winning Scientists to media personalities, Supreme Court
Justices to Astronauts.
We are Avraham’s Super Stars. We, by
simply existing today, are G-d’s testament to the covenant He established with
the very first Jew. Can one honestly count how many famous Jewish people
positively impact the global society in which we reside? That is the
vision that Avraham saw in the skies above Israel over three thousand years ago.
Shavuah
Tov.